An
Epidemiological Evaluation of TB/HIV-AIDS Status in
Malaysia: Clinical and Microbiological Outcomes of the
Disease
This
project is to determine the status of TB/HIV-AIDS
co-infected patients in Malaysia. There are no
epidemiological data concerning this group of individuals
hitherto. Data collected includes the treatment regiment as
well as patients management. The presence of a typical
mycobacterium and their possible role in this group f
patients are investigated as well. Clinical and
microbiological outcomes of the pharmacotherapy for this
group of patients could the be obtained. The bulk of work in
this project is carried out at the Institute of Respiratory
Medicine (previously known as National TB Centre) at Kuala
Lumpur. Data on HIV/AIDS management is to be obtained from
the Infectious Disease Clinic, Kuala Lumpur General
Hospital.
Studies
of the effects of isoniazid (INH) and its derivatives on
Mycobacterium avium NCTC 8559
The
study aimed to elucidate the INH action at cellular level on
the growth cycle of
M. avium
strain NCTC 8559. The growth
stages were identified as the initial, filamentous and
fragmentation stages. The organism was found to be highly
resistant to INH with cells at the initial and fragmentation
stages being the most susceptible. In further susceptibility
studies using 9 hydrophobic alkyl derivatives of the parent
compound, only derivative 1-isonicicotinyl-2-nonanoyl
hydrazine showed enhanced antimicrobial activity.
Mechanism
of Isoniazid action/resistance in
Mycobacterium tuberculosis:
From bioinformatic perspective
Drugs
and derivatives screening on TB enzyme, active site
analysis, comparison with experimental results
Rifampicin
microsphere for pulmonary administration
The
aim of the project is to develop rifampicin microphere
preparations using biodegradable polymers and evaluate
physicochemical charateristics of the preparations.
Tuberculosis is a leading lung disease caused by
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis. It is considered the foremost cause of
death due to a single microorganism. Rifampicin in
combination with other antimicrobials represents the
mainstay of effective tuberculosis therapy. Current
treatments of tuberculosis are limited by their methods of
delivery. Conventional oral administration cannot maintain
an effective inhibitory concentration for a long period and
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
are liable to develop drug resistance under
such conditions. The administration of rifampicin above the
currently recommended dose would increase the risk of toxic
side effects since rifampicin is already at its maximum
tolerated dose for systemic exposure.Formulating rifampicin in biodegradable polymers e.g.
poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) as microsphere with a
sustained release for administration directly to the lungs
is being investigated with view to overcoming these
problems. Targeting rifampicin delivery to the lungs may
increase its antimicrobial efficacy and reduces systemic
side effects.
The
Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation of Tuberculosis Regimenin Dungun Hospital Terengganu.
The
objective of this study is to provide the basic
cost-effectiveness data in treating TB in order to supportNational TB Programme. This study is conducted
prospectively among adult ( > 18 years) patient who arenewly diagnosed as having Pulmonary TB in Dungun
Hospital from year 2001. All direct and in direct cost will
be calculated and analyzed.
